Case	Suspected Diagnosis	Suspected Microorganisms		Lab Investigations
Khong Fay Seah	UTI	Escherichia coli Staphylococcus saprophyticus Proteus mirabilis Klebsielle pneumoniae Enterobacter Serratia Pseudomonas aeruginosa Morganella morganii Enterococcus faecalis Chlamydiae		Gram staining to classify the bacteria into gram-positive and gram-negative groups. Urine culture on blood agar, MacConkey, EMB. Antibiotic Susceptibility Test using ampicillin, cephalosporin, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, norfloxacin, novobiocin, cefotaxime etc. Biochemical Tests like TSI, Oxidase, Indole, Catalyse, Coaulase, Methyl Red an Urease etc.
Kwan Siew Yan	Enterocolitis (most likely the bacterial type)	Shigella species Enteroinvasive E.Coli (EIEC) Enterohermorrhagic E.coli (EHEC) Salmonella species eg: S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium Campylobacter jejuni Vibro parahaemolyticus Vibro cholerae Clostridium difficile C. perfringens Yersinia species eg: Y. Enterocolitica Bacillus cereus Entamoeba histolytica		Stool culture to isolate and identify any parasites or bacteria Microscopy with gram staining Antibody Susceptibility Test Biochemical Test like oxidase, catalase
Maisy Hong	UTI	Escherichia (E.) coli Staphylococcus saprophyticus Klebsiella Enterococci bacteria Proteus mirabilis ureaplasma urealyticum Mycoplasma hominis Chlamydia Mycoplasma Corynebacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa		Urine culture Antibiotic Susceptibility Test Staining and Microscopy
Tong Wei Hong	Bronchitis	Respiratory adenovirus Rhinovirus Histoplasma capsulatum Cryptococcus neoformans Pneumocystis jiroveci Mycoplasma pneumoniae Chlamydia pneumoniae Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus K.pneumoniae P.aeruginosa Haemophilus influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis		Culture using chocolate, blood, Mannitol Salt agar etc. Gram staining EIA Antibiotic Susceptibility Test using penicillin, vancomycin, doxycycline etc. Other Biochemical Test like catalase, oxidase etc.
Wong Fei Hong	Wound Infection	Staphylococcus aureus Enterococci Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteus mirabilis Klebsiella pneumoniae Proteus mirabilis Enteric Gram negative bacilli Beta-hemolytic streptococci Streptococcus milleri Streptococcus pyogenes Gram-negative aerobes Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus		Culture of wound using blood agar, BAP, chocolate agar, Xylose Lysine Sodium Deoxycholate (XLD) and MacConkey agar etc. Gram staining and microscopy Biochemical Test like indole, methyl red, cytochrome oxidase, phenylalanine deaminase etc. Others like fungal culture if necessary
Ong Fei Fei	UTI & probably vaginal infection	Causes Vaginal infection: Yeast eg. Candida vulvovaginitis Gardnerella vaginalis, Mobiluncus species, Mycoplasma hominis Trichomonas eg. Trichomonas vaginalis Neisseria Gonorrhoea Chlamydia trachomatis Causes UTI: Most Frequent Enterococci Streptococcus agalactae(Group B Streptococcus) Enterobacteriaceae Pseudomonas Streptococcus pyogens(Group A Streptococccus) Streptococcus aureus S.saprophyticus Candida species. Less frequent Gardenerella vaginalitis Ureaplasma urealyticum Mycoplasma hominis Mobiluncus Leptospira Mycobacterium species Chlamydia trachomatis(males) Other Associated with multisystem disease Salmonella(with gastroenteritis) Schistosoma haematobium Crytococcus neoformans Trichosporon beigelii Trichomonas vaginalis Aspergillus Penicillium Adenovirus Herpes simplex virus		Wet Mount Whiff's Test Chlamydia Rapid Test Gram staining Antibiotic Susceptibility Test using Carbenicillin, Cinoxacin, Lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, or Loracarbef etc.